Quarterly report pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d)

Summary of Significant Accounting Policies

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Summary of Significant Accounting Policies
6 Months Ended
Jun. 30, 2021
Accounting Policies [Abstract]  
Summary of Significant Accounting Policies

 

  2. Summary of Significant Accounting Policies

 

Consolidation Policy

 

The accompanying consolidated financial statements of QS Energy Inc. include the accounts of QS Energy Inc. (the Parent) and its wholly owned subsidiaries, QS Energy Pool, Inc. and STWA Asia Pte. Limited. Intercompany transactions and balances have been eliminated in consolidation.

Going Concern

 

The accompanying consolidated financial statements have been prepared on a going concern basis, which contemplates the realization of assets and the settlement of liabilities and commitments in the normal course of business. As reflected in the accompanying consolidated financial statements, during the six-months ended June 30, 2021, the Company incurred a net loss of $645,000, used cash in operations of $265,000 and had a stockholders’ deficit of $3,804,000 as of that date. In addition, as of June 30, 2021, twenty six notes payable with an aggregate balance of $1,256,000 and certain obligations to a former officer are past due. These factors raise substantial doubt about the Company’s ability to continue as a going concern. In addition, the Company's independent registered public accounting firm, in its report on the Company's December 31, 2020 financial statements, has raised substantial doubt about the Company's ability to continue as a going concern.

 

The ability of the Company to continue as a going concern is dependent upon the Company’s ability to raise additional funds and implement its business plan. The financial statements do not include any adjustments that might be necessary if the Company is unable to continue as a going concern.

 

At June 30, 2021, the Company had cash on hand in the amount of $153,000. Management estimates that the current funds on hand will be sufficient to continue operations through November 2021. Management is currently seeking additional funds, primarily through the issuance of debt and equity securities for cash to operate our business, including without limitation the expenses it will incur in connection with the license agreements with Temple; costs associated with product development and commercialization of the AOT technologies; costs to manufacture and ship the products; costs to design and implement an effective system of internal controls and disclosure controls and procedures; costs of maintaining our status as a public company, including, without limitation, legal and accounting fees and costs associated therewith, by filing periodic reports with the SEC and fees and costs required to protect our intellectual property. In addition, as discussed below, the Company has substantial contractual commitments, including without limitation salaries to our executive officers pursuant to employment agreements, certain payments to a former officer and consulting fees, during the remainder of 2021 and beyond.

 

No assurance can be given that any future financing will be available or, if available, that it will be on terms that are satisfactory to the Company. Even if the Company is able to obtain additional financing, it may contain undue restrictions on our operations, in the case of debt financing or cause substantial dilution for our stockholders in case of equity financing.

 

Basic and Diluted loss per share

 

Our computation of earnings per share (“EPS”) includes basic and diluted EPS. Basic EPS is measured as the loss available to common stockholders divided by the weighted average common shares outstanding for the period. Diluted loss per share reflects the potential dilution, using the treasury stock method, that could occur if securities or other contracts to issue common stock were exercised or converted into common stock or resulted in the issuance of common stock that then shared in the loss of the Company as if they had been converted at the beginning of the periods presented, or issuance date, if later. In computing diluted loss per share, the treasury stock method assumes that outstanding options and warrants are exercised and the proceeds are used to purchase common stock at the average market price during the period. Options and warrants may have a dilutive effect under the treasury stock method only when the average market price of the common stock during the period exceeds the exercise price of the options and warrants. Potential common shares that have an antidilutive effect (i.e., those that increase income per share or decrease loss per share) are excluded from the calculation of diluted EPS.

 

Loss per common share is computed by dividing net loss by the weighted average number of shares of common stock outstanding during the respective periods. Basic and diluted loss per common share is the same for periods in which the Company reported an operating loss because all warrants and stock options outstanding are anti-dilutive. At June 30, 2021 and 2020, we excluded the outstanding securities summarized below, which entitle the holders thereof to acquire shares of common stock as their effect would have been anti-dilutive.

               
    June 30,
2021
    June 30,
2020
 
Options     32,780,601       42,440,601  
Warrants     11,974,159       8,004,395  
Common stock issuable upon conversion of notes payable     23,365,227       12,249,090  
Total     68,119,987       62,694,086  

 

Estimates

 

The preparation of financial statements in conformity with generally accepted accounting principles requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. Significant estimates include those related to accruals for potential liabilities, assumptions used in valuing equity instruments issued for financing and services and realization of deferred tax assets, among others. Actual results could differ from those estimates.

 

Research and Development Costs

 

Research and development costs are expensed as incurred and consist primarily of fees paid to consultants and outside service providers, and other expenses relating to the acquisition, design, development and testing of the Company’s products. Certain research and development activities are incurred under contract. In those instances, research and development costs are charged to operations ratably over the life of the underlying contracts, unless the achievement of milestones, the completion of contracted work, or other information indicates that a different expensing schedule is more appropriate. Payments made pursuant to research and development contracts are initially recorded as advances on research and development contract services in the Company’s consolidated balance sheet and then charged to research and development costs in the Company’s consolidated statement of operations as those contract services are performed.

 

For the six-month periods ended June 30, 2021 and 2020 research and development costs were $107,000 and $227,000, respectively. For the three-month periods ended June 30, 2021 and 2020 research and development costs were $60,000 and $157,000, respectively.

 

Patent Costs

 

Patent costs consist of patent-related legal and filing fees. Due to the uncertainty associated with the successful development of our AOT and Joule Heat products, all patent costs are expensed as incurred. During the six-month periods ended June 30, 2021 and 2020, patent costs were $5,000 and $13,000, respectively, which is included as part of operating expenses in the accompanying consolidated statements of operations.

 

Recent Accounting Pronouncements

 

In August 2020, the FASB issued ASU No. 2020-06 (“ASU 2020-06”) “Debt—Debt with Conversion and Other Options (Subtopic 470-20) and Derivatives and Hedging—Contracts in Entity’s Own Equity (Subtopic 815-40).” ASU 2020-06 reduces the number of accounting models for convertible debt instruments by eliminating the cash conversion and beneficial conversion accounting models.  As a result, the Company’s convertible debt instruments will be accounted for as a single liability measured at its amortized cost as long as no other features require bifurcation and recognition as derivatives.  For contracts in an entity’s own equity, the type of contracts primarily affected by this update are freestanding and embedded features that are accounted for as derivatives under the current guidance due to a failure to meet the settlement conditions of the derivative scope exception.  The Company early adopted ASU No. 2020-06 effective January 1, 2021 using the modified retrospective approach.  Upon adoption, the following changes resulted: (i) the intrinsic value of the beneficial conversion feature recorded in 2020 was reversed as of the effective date of adoption, thereby resulting in an increase in the convertible debentures with an offsetting adjustment to additional paid in capital and (ii) interest expense recorded in 2020 that was related to the amortization of the discount related to the beneficial conversion feature was reversed against opening accumulated deficit.  Accordingly, the adoption of ASU 2020-06 resulted in a decrease to accumulated deficit of $30,000, a decrease in addition paid in capital of $60,000, and an increase in total stockholders’ deficit of $30,000 on January 1, 2021.

 

Recent accounting pronouncements issued by the FASB, including its Emerging Issues Task Force, the American Institute of Certified Public Accountants, and the Securities and Exchange Commission did not or are not believed by management to have a material impact on the Company's present or future consolidated financial statement presentation or disclosures.